A Recent 10-year Retrospective Study of Nasal Bone Fracture

Myung-In Kim DDS, MS, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
Byeongguk Kim DDS, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
Gap-Hee Youn DDS, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
Seunggon Jung DDS, PhD, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
Min-Suk Kook DDS, PhD, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
Hong-Ju Park DDS, PhD, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
Hee-Kyun Oh DDS, PhD, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
Sun-Youl Ryu DDS, PhD, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
This study was performed to investigate the incidence, types of fracture, treatment, associated fractures, and complications in patients with nasal bone fracture.

 Clinical examination, patient’s records, and radiographic images were evaluated in 358 cases of nasal bone fractures from 2003 to 2012.

 Results of this study are as follows:

 1. The age of patient ranged from 4 to 77 years (mean age=38.8 years); males were 79.7% (n=288), and females were 21.3% (n=70).

 2. The cause of the nasal bone fracture in this study was a fall or slip down (32.8%, n=119), sports accident (28.0%, n=81), fighting (16.3%, n=36), traffic accident (15.6%, n=42), industrial trauma (8.8%, n=25), and the others (6.9%, n=16)

 3. For the patterns of fracture, simple fracture without displacement occurred in 13.4% (n=45). Simple fracture with displacement without septal bone fracture was found in 51.5% (n=167). Simple fracture with displacement in company with septal bone fracture showed in 32.6% (n=75). Comminuted fracture with severe depression was present in 8.4% (n=44).

 4. The reduction for the displaced nasal bone was carried out in 2 to 10 days (mean 6.8 days) after the injury.

 5. Nasal bone fractures were associated with Le Fort I fracture (7.5%, n=9), Le Fort II fracture (8.4%, n=20), Le Fort III fracture (2.3%, n=5), NOE fracture(15.9%, n=37), ZMC fracture (24.4%, 65), maxillary bone fracture (12.3%, n=38), orbital blow-out fracture (17.7%, n=42), frontal bone fracture (1.3%, n=5), and alveolar bone fracture (10.9%, n=32)

 6. The major types of treatment method were closed reduction in 90% (n=307), open reduction in 3% (n=15), and observation in 7% (n=36).

 7. There were some complications such as ecchymosis, hyposmia, hypoesthesia, and residual nasal deformity which are compatible. Open rhinoplasty was conducted for 6 patients who had residual nasal deformity.

 These results suggest that most of nasal bone fractures occurred in physically active aged groups (age 10-49 years) and could be treated successfully with closed reduction at 7 days after the injury.

References

1. Yilmaz MS, Guven M, Kayabasoglu G, Varli AF: Efficacy of closed reduction for nasal fractures in children.Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013 Dec;51(8):e256-8.

2. Gentile MA, Tellington AJ, Burke WJ, Jaskolka MS: Management of midface maxillofacial trauma. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2013 Mar;21(1):69-95

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