The Study on Prognosis and 18F-FDG PET SUV as Imaging Biomarker in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

Takamichi Morikawa DDS, PhD, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan
Eiko Futoo DDS, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan
Ayako Funakoshi DDS, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan
Hiroki Bessho DDS, PhD, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan
Takashi Yakushiji D.D.S. Ph.D., Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan
Takeshi Nomura DDS, PhD, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan
Nobuo Takano D.D.S. Ph.D., Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE, Chiba, Japan
Takahiko Shibahara DDS, PhD, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
<Purpose/Objective>

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the relationship between prognosis and standardized uptake value (SUV) of 18F-2-fluorodexyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) in oral squamous cell carcinoma cases.

<Materials and methods>

The subjects were 122 patients treated in our facility during January 2009 through February 2014, PET and computerized tomography (CT) scans were performed to patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma before treatment. No patients were treated before PET and CT.

Local tumor (Local) and neck lymph node (Neck) were defined on diagnosis CT and PET as region of interest (ROI). Local and Neck were detected by using PET and CT. We defined it as ROI. The relevancy of calculated SUV and prognosis (Overall survival : OS, disease free survival : DFS) were evaluated. The p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

<Result>

The subjects were 74 male and 48 female, mean age was 62.7 (range 19-89). Median follow-up period was 22.4 months. 2-year OS was 85.1% and 2-year DFS was 73.6%. Local SUVmax was 3.2-37.1 (mean 11.6, median 10.5). Local SUVmean was 2.0-22.9 (mean 7.1, median 6.2). Neck SUVmax was 1.0-23.3 (mean 4.5, median 3.5). Neck SUVmean was 0.6-13.5 (mean 2.7, median 2.0). Volume of Local was 1010-6900mm3 (mean 2893, median 2530 mm3). Volume of Neck was 449-5950 mm3 (mean 1428, median 1049 mm3).

By univariate analysis with prognosis, surgical margin positive, pathologically multi lymph nodes metastasis and extracapsular spreaded lymph nodes (Patho), and Local SUVmax/mean were correlated in OS. Patho, Local SUVmax/mean, volume of Local, and Neck SUVmax/mean were correlated in DFS. In addition, by multivariate analysis, only Patho was correlated in OS. Patho and Local SUV/mean were correlated in DFS.

Prognosis showed that the significant variable was Patho. DFS showed that the significant variable was Local SUVmax/mean (p=0.001, Odds 8.800, 95% Confidence interval 2.461-31.471).

<Conclusion>

Factors of poor prognosis were Patho and Local SUVmax/mean.

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