Comparison of Physical Property and In Vivo Bioactivity: Silkworm-Cocoon-Derived Silk Membrane, Collagen Membrane, and Polytetrafluoroethylene Membrane for Guided Bone Regeneration

Young-Wook Park DDS, PhD, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
Seong-Gon Kim DDS, PhD, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
GBR membrane is grossly classified as non-resorbable and resorbable. Among the non-resorbable membranes, PM has been most widely used. However, PM has flaws, such as occasional occurrence of exposure during the healing period, resulting in infection of the site.1 Moreover, it is highly expensive. In the group of resorbable membrane, CM has been most widely used, but the drawbacks of CM are cytotoxicity and fast degradation.2 Early degradation of CM can cause collapse of the designed space and blocking regeneration of the bone. Above all, CM is easily torn in wet condition and hard to adapt and suture. The purpose of this study was to evaluate silk membrane (SM) for the application of guided bone regeneration (GBR) compared to commercially available GBR membrane such as collagen membrane (CM) and polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (PM).

Three groups of membrane underwent scanning electron microscopic exam, FT-IR analysis, and tensile strength evaluation in wet condition. Thirty ratswere used for this study. A critical sized defect was formed in the parietal bone (diameter: 8.0 mm) and one of three membrane was selected and applied to the defect.

The SM had higher yield strength than CM and PM in the wet state. The μ-CT analysisshowed significantly higher bone volume in SM group at 4 weeks postoperatively (P<0.05). In histological exam, SM group showed significantly higher new bone formation than the other two groups at both 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively (P<0.05).

In conclusion, SM group showed higher yield strengthin wet condition than CM group and PM group. SM group also showed higher bone formation than the other two groups.

References

1. Machtei EE. The effect of membrane exposure on the outcome of regenerative procedures in humans: a meta-analysis. J Periodontol 72: 512, 2001.

2.Bunyaratavej P, Wang HL. Collagen membranes: a review. J Periodontol 72: 215, 2001.

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