Experimental Evaluation of the Effects of Ankaferd Blood Stopper and Collagenated Heterologous Bone Graft on Bone Healing in Sinus Floor Augmentation
Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) and collagenated heterologous bone graft on bone healing in sinus floor augmentation procedures.
In this study 36 New Zealand rabbits were used. Bilateral sinus lift was performed and 72 bone defects were obtained. The rabbit maxillary sinuses divided into 4 groups according to augmentation biomaterials: blood clot (as control group), collagenated heterologous bone graft [Apatos Mix (OsteoBiol®, Tecnoss®, Coazze, Italy) was used as graft material] (graft group), ABS (Ankaferd İlaç Kozmetik A.Ş, İstanbul, Türkiye) (ABS group) and ABS+collagenated heterologous bone graft (ABS+graft group) groups. The rabbits were sacrificed at 1, 4 and 8 weeks after surgery.
Histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical examinations were performed on all samples. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson trichrome staining were performed for histologic evaluation. Histochemical assay for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity was performed, and osteocalcin anticor was performed for immunohistochemical evaluation. For statistical analysis Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney Utests were used.
According to the histochemical and immunohistochemical examinations; lymphocyte infiltration was high at 1st week in all groups and declined from 1 to 8 weeks. All materials were biocompatible. Osteoclast number increased in control group from 1 to 8 weeks, and decreased in other groups. Bone graft particules were degenerated when used with ABS at 8th week. There was no new bone formation at the 1st week in all groups, new bone formation increased in all groups from 1 to 8 weeks, at the 4th week new bone formation was higher in ABS and ABS+graft groups than other groups, at the 8th week it was similar in ABS, graft and ABS+graft groups, and was higher than control group. There were osteoclasts around the bone graft materials, but degeneration of the graft was seen only in ABS+graft group at 8thweek.
According to statistical analysis of new bone formation; there was no statistically significance between groups in the 1st and 8th weeks. At the 4th there was a statistically significance between ABS and graft groups (p=0,008). According to statistical analysis of osteoclast number here was no statistically significance between groups in the 1st, 4th and 8thweeks.
It is concluded that ABS accelerates bone healing and can be used alone or with a bone graft material in defects which are expected to heal quickly, employed materials are biocompatible, collagenated heterologous bone graft has osteoconductive properties and ABS can accelerate bone graft degeneration.
References:
- Xu H, Shimizu Y, Onodera K, Ooya K. Long-term outcome of augmentation of the maxillary sinus using deproteinised bone particles experimental study in rabbits. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005;43(1):40-5.
- Xu H, Shimizu Y, Asai S, Ooya K. Grafting of deproteinized bone particles inhibits bone resorption after maxillary sinus floor elevation. Clin Oral Implants Res 2004;15(1):126-33.